Mortality of Oncological Patients linked to Neutropenia

Abstract

Introduction: Absolute neutropenia is commonly seen in cancer patients undergoing active chemotherapy treatment, which determines increased morbidity and mortality and in many cases clinical management must be performed in an Intensive Care Unit (ICU). The objective of the study is to report the mortality and survival of a group of neutropenic patients admitted to an ICU.

Methods: In the ICU area of the National Oncological Institute "Dr. Juan Tanca Marengo ", Solca-Guayaquil, a retrospective observational research was conducted, from January 2015 to December 2016. Patients older than 18 years were selected with neutrophil counts ?500 cells / mm3. The variables were sex, cancer type, diagnosis of admission, SOFA, mechanical ventilation, Hepatic failure, renal failure, type of Infectious Diagnosis, types of samples collected from cultures with positive results, isolated germ and mortality. Survival, COX regression and Kaplan Meier analysis were used.

Results: 99 cases, 50 women (51%), the mean age of 33.7 ± 24 years entered the study. The most prevalent oncological diagnoses were Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia 39 cases (39.4%) and Acute Myeloid Leukemia 11 cases (11.1%). Mortality was 58 cases (58.6%) with a survival of 19.7 ± 4.8 days. The COX (OR) Regression for men was 0.7 (IC 95 0.43 - 1.246) P = 0.25. The survival by age was higher in the group of 10 to 29 years (37.4 ± 19.8 days), in the group of 50 to 59 years, it was 4.2 ± 1.1 days (P <0.05). There were no statistical differences in survival according to the reason for hospitalization.

Conclusion: In the present study, the mortality reported in patients with neutropenia admitted to the ICU was (58.6%). Survival is not associated with sex and the best survival is associated with younger age. There were no statistical differences in survival according to the reason for hospitalization.