Molecular and cytogenetic findings in pediatric patients diagnosed with acute lymphoid leukemia

A single center study

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Published

2021-08-27

How to Cite

González Cabrera, A., Alvarado Soto , D., Cisneros López, M., Ramírez Pico, J., Poveda Ayora, M., & Espín Custodio, L. (2021). Molecular and cytogenetic findings in pediatric patients diagnosed with acute lymphoid leukemia: A single center study. Oncology Journal (Ecuador), 31(2), 141–154. https://doi.org/10.33821/561

Issue

Vol. 31 No. 2 (2021): August- November

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Original Articles

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Copyright (c) 2021 Andrés González Cabrera, Diana Alvarado Soto , Migleth Cisneros López, Juan Ramírez Pico, María Poveda Ayora, Luis Espín Custodio

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

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Authors

  • Andrés González Cabrera Pediatric Oncology Service, National Oncology Institute “Dr. Juan Tanca Marengo ”, Solca-Guayaquil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4289-3957
  • Diana Alvarado Soto Pediatric Oncology Service, National Oncology Institute “Dr. Juan Tanca Marengo ”, Solca-Guayaquil
  • Migleth Cisneros López Pediatric Oncology Service, National Oncology Institute “Dr. Juan Tanca Marengo ”, Solca-Guayaquil
  • Juan Ramírez Pico Pediatric Oncology Service, National Oncology Institute “Dr. Juan Tanca Marengo ”, Solca-Guayaquil
  • María Poveda Ayora Pediatric Oncology Service, National Oncology Institute “Dr. Juan Tanca Marengo ”, Solca-Guayaquil
  • Luis Espín Custodio Pediatric Oncology Service, National Oncology Institute “Dr. Juan Tanca Marengo ”, Solca-Guayaquil

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33821/561

Keywords:

Leukemia, Biphenotypic, Acute, Precursor T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma, Cytogenetics, Translocation, Genetic, Child

Abstract

Introduction: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most frequent malignant neoplasm in childhood; Noting its molecular and cytogenetic alterations allows to establish the risk, the associated prognosis and also to propose appropriate therapeutic schemes; The objective of this study is to know the prevalence of these alterations in our population.

Methods:- Retrospective and cross-sectional study, based on the records of molecular and cytogenetic alterations of pediatric patients diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia during the period from January 2014 to December 2018, at the National Oncological Institute Hospital “Dr. Juan Tanca Marengo”.

Results: 338 patients were included, of which the main age group was made up of 0 to 4 years; the most observed immunophenotype was B-common. In 24.56% of the cases, structural alterations were detected, mainly by molecular biology studies; the most common being the t (12; 21) translocation. Cytogenetics results were obtained in 167 patients, in which the main numerical alteration corresponded to hyperdiploidy of between 47 and 51 chromosomes.

Conclusions: Advances in the molecular and cytogenetic characterization of ALL make it possible to improve the stratification of its risk; and establish therapeutic strategies that achieve an improvement in survival.

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Author Biographies

Andrés González Cabrera, Pediatric Oncology Service, National Oncology Institute “Dr. Juan Tanca Marengo ”, Solca-Guayaquil

Medical Doctor (MD) from the Universidad Católica Santiago de Guayaquil (Ecuador, 2014). Resident Physician of the Pediatric Oncology Service, National Oncological Institute "Dr. Juan Tanca Marengo", SOLCA Guayaquil.

Diana Alvarado Soto , Pediatric Oncology Service, National Oncology Institute “Dr. Juan Tanca Marengo ”, Solca-Guayaquil

Medical Doctor (MD) from the Universidad de Guayaquil (Ecuador 2013), Master in Occupational Health and Safety from the Universidad de Pacífico (Ecuador, 2020). Resident Physician of the Pediatric Oncology Service, of the National Oncological Institute “Dr. Juan Tanca Marengo ”, Solca-Guayaquil.

Migleth Cisneros López, Pediatric Oncology Service, National Oncology Institute “Dr. Juan Tanca Marengo ”, Solca-Guayaquil

Medical Doctor (MD) from the Private University of Espiritu Santo Specialties (Ecuador, 2014). Resident Physician of the Bone Marrow Transplant Unit of the National Oncological Institute “Dr. Juan Tanca Marengo”, Solca-Guayaquil.

Juan Ramírez Pico, Pediatric Oncology Service, National Oncology Institute “Dr. Juan Tanca Marengo ”, Solca-Guayaquil

Doctor of Medicine (MD) and Surgery from the University of Guayaquil (Ecuador, 2002). Specialist in Pediatric Onco-hematology from the University of Guayaquil (Ecuador, 2016). Treating Physician of the Pediatric Oncology Service of the National Oncological Institute “Dr. Juan Tanca Marengo ”, Solca-Guayaquil.

María Poveda Ayora, Pediatric Oncology Service, National Oncology Institute “Dr. Juan Tanca Marengo ”, Solca-Guayaquil

Doctor in Medicine (MD) and Surgery from the University of Guayaquil (Ecuador 2002), Specialist in Pediatrics from the Universidad Católica de Santiago de Guayaquil (Ecuador, 2007). Master in Pediatric Hematology and Oncology from the Universidad de Barcelona (Spain, 2015). Treating Physician of the Pediatric Oncology Service, National Oncological Institute "Dr. Juan Tanca Marengo", Solca Guayaquil

Luis Espín Custodio, Pediatric Oncology Service, National Oncology Institute “Dr. Juan Tanca Marengo ”, Solca-Guayaquil

Doctor of Medicine and Surgery from the University of Guayaquil (Ecuador, 2002). Pediatric Specialist from the University of Guayaquil (Ecuador, 2011). Head of the Pediatric Oncology Service of the National Oncological Institute “Dr. Juan Tanca Marengo ”, Solca-Guayaquil.

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