Diagnostic Test between cytology, frozen biopsy and histopathology in the diagnosis of the thyroid nodule in patients treated at Solca from 2009 - 2017
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Copyright (c) 2020 Magdali del Rocío Murillo Bacilio, Araceli Miroslava Palta González, Gabriela Elizabeth Patiño Murillo; EDITOR: Dr. Felipe Xavier Campoverde Merchán
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33821/490Keywords:
Thyroid Nodule, Biopsy, Needle, Pathology Department, Hospital, Medical Oncology, Voluntary Health Agencies, Biopsy, Fine-Needle, Cell BiologyAbstract
Introduction: Cytology of thyroid nodules is a technique that avoids unnecessary surgical procedures and has therefore been determined as the first line within the diagnostic algorithm. General Objective: To determine the sensitivity and specificity of cytology and freezing biopsy versus histopathological study in the diagnosis of thyroid nodules in patients treated in Solca since 2009 - 2017.
Methods: This is an observational, retrospective and diagnostic correlation study; the data were obtained from the clinical histories of patients surgically treated by thyroid nodules with freeze biopsy, who underwent a cytological study in the Department of pathology of the city of Cuenca, Ecuador. The calculation of the sample size was 324 cases.
Results: 8.3% corresponded to men and 91.7% to women. The mean age was 51.8 years; The vast majority came from the province of Azuay with 64.8%. In cytological studies, 34.6% [112 cases] correspond to benign inflammatory lesions; 11.1% [36 cases] to malignant pathologies and 14.2% [46 cases] were unsatisfactory. In the freeze biopsy the greater percentage was concentrated in benign diseases with 62.6% and 35.5% to malignant lesions. There were 6 cases with 1.9% where the diagnostic criterion was deferred. In the definitive histopathological, 60.2% [195 cases] were benign pathologies and 39.8% [129 cases] were malignant lesions. The sensitivity of FNAB to histopathological is high with 91.79%, but the specificity is low with 51.94%. The sensitivity and specificity of freezing versus histopathological biopsy is high with 98.97% and 90.70% respectively, which gives it an optimal methodology.
Conclusions: Thyroid PAAF proves to be a useful methodology in the diagnosis of nodules, as long as it is performed and observed by trained personnel. Freezing biopsy is a technique with high sensitivity and specificity that allows us to discriminate benign from malignant lesions.
