Prevalence of germs with multi antibiotic resistance in bacteremia associated with febrile neutropenia in hospitalized cancer patients

A single-center study

Abstract

Introduction: Cancer in 2020 caused 1.4 million deaths, 47% in people under 65 years of age, febrile neutropenia in cancer patients increases cases of serious infections, increasing morbidity and mortality when Timely treatment has not been started. The objective of the present study was to describe a population with this pathology in a regional reference center.

Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the National Oncology Institute "Dr. Juan Tan-ca Marengo," Society for the Fight Against Cancer, Solca-Guayaquil, period January 2020- June 2021, with a non-probabilistic sample of patients with neoplasms, neutropenia, and positive cultures. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory variables were recorded. Univariate descriptive statistics are used.

Results: 126 cases were analyzed, with an average age of 55 years; 50.8% were female; 88.1% were admitted with febrile neutropenia; the average hospital stay was seven days. Escherichia coli was the most frequent microorganism with 17.5%, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae in 9.5%, Enterobacter aerogenes, and Pseudomonas aureginosa in 4.8%. 70.2% of the isolated bacteria presented bacterial resistance, 47% were extended-spectrum beta-lactamase bacteria (ESBL), 40% were extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL), and 5% produced carbapenemases (KPC), 57.5% with bacterial resistance had a hospital stay greater than seven days.

Conclusion: The main microorganism was Escherichia coli, and resistance was primarily found in extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-positive bacteria, allowing us to know the local epidemiology of the microbiological profile and its relationship with cancer patients with febrile neutropenia.