Abstract
Introduction: Despite the difficult anatomical access for mediastinal tumors, surgical resection remains the best diagnostic and therapeutic approach. The aim of this case series is to present the experience of a cancer center in the treatment of mediastinal tumors and their results.
Methods: In the Department of Oncology Surgery Headquarters of the National Oncology Institute of Solca-Guayaquil, during the months of January 2013 to January 2017 a descriptive, retrospective study was carried out. We analyzed all cases of patients derived from the area of pre-admission with initial diagnosis of mediastinal tumor, which prior to performing tumor markers, Thorax Tomography, and who were performed as a diagnostic method and in some cases therapeutic with surgical approach. We excluded patients with neoplasms of secondary origin, with incomplete medical records that made the analysis impossible. The variables sex, age, type of surgical technique, tumor location, histopathological diagnosis and perioperative mortality were studied. The statistical analysis performed was descriptive.
Results: Twenty-two patients with a mediastinal tumor diagnosis were evaluated, with a mean age of 60 years. There were 13 men (59%). Fourteen patients with malignant lesions, 8 were operated with tumor resection and 6 underwent biopsy. Post-operative deaths were reported up to 30 days after surgery in 5 cases (22.7%). The most frequent surgical interventions were right thoracotomies with biopsy or tumor resection 7 cases (31.8%). In relation to the anatomopathological result of mediastinal tumors reported more than half Adenocarcinomas were 14 cases (63.6%).
Conclusion: The patients with benign neoplasm in this series had a satisfactory postoperative evolution. Adenocarcinoma was the most frequent malignant tumor in this series.