Síndrome de lisis tumoral: artículo de revisión
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Copyright (c) 2024 Maritza Johanna Enriquez Enriquez
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https://doi.org/10.33821/743Keywords:
tumor lysis sindrome, chemotherapy, oncology, cancerAbstract
Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is a potentially lethal hemato-oncological emergency in adult and pediatric patients, which originates after the initiation of cytotoxic therapy, triggering a variety of metabolic alterations after the abrupt release of intracellular metabolites into the systemic circulation. ions and nucleic acids, and which is represented by hyperuricemia, hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia, hypocalcemia, uremia and acute kidney injury. It occurs more frequently in neoplasms with a high tumor burden and rapid cell replacement, but its incidence has been increasing in solid tumors. Manifestations begin between 3 to 7 days after the start of chemotherapy, although they can occur spontaneously before starting treatment. The diagnosis is based on clinical and laboratory criteria. Early recognition is essential to prevent its progression towards multi-organ failure and its management includes hydration, hypouricemic agents and correction of electrolyte imbalance, supervised by a multidisciplinary team in a hospital unit equipped for effective patient monitoring. Hemodialysis is the auxiliary therapy in patient’s refractory to medical treatment.
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