Abstract
Morphological alterations of the prostate, for which screening is performed include benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer (PCa). BPH is the most common in men over 50 years benign tumor, is characterized by the increase in the volume of the gland and usually accompanied by urinary symptoms. PCa is the second leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States and Europe in over 70 years, the incidence below 50 is rare.
Screening or testing, aims the finding cancer before the onset of symptoms, screening is not performed in patients with suspected cancer, but as a method of investigation.
The purpose of this article is to review the theoretical framework and propose a new diagnostic
algorithm of morphological alterations of the prostate, based on evidence.